1. Read the poem, and answer the questions. 5×1=5
Crossing the Bar
Sunset and evening star,
And one clear call for me!
And may there be no moaning of the bar,
When I put out to sea,
But such a tide as moving seems asleep,
Too full for sound and foam,
When that which from out the boundless deep
Turns again home.
Twilight and evening bell,
And after that the dark!
And May there be no sadness of farewell,
When I embark;
For though from out our bourne of time and place
The flood may bear me far,
I hope to see my pilot face- to- face
When I have crost the bar.
Alfred Lord Tennyson
a.What time of day is described at the beginning of the poem?
✏️Evening
b. What does the speaker hear after twilight?
✏️bell
c. Where does the speaker have to go, crossing the sandbar?
✏️ to see pilot (God)
d. Why can't the tide make a huge sound or create a lather?
✏️ seems asleep
e. Does the speaker fear death? Why? Why not?
✏️ no sadness of farewell.
2. Read the following text and do the activities that follow.
The finding that Americans link apologies with blame is in keeping, we would argue, with a psychological tendency among Westerners to attribute events to individuals' actions. Thus, it makes sense that in the US, an apology is taken to mean " I am the one who is responsible." It also stands to reason that in Japan, which, like many other East Asian countries, has a more group oriented culture, apologies are heard as " It is unfortunate that is happened." Researchers who've compared apologies in America and china have found a similar pattern; US apologies serve to establish personal responsibility, while chinese ones focus on the larger consequences of the transgression. Only with the deep understanding of such differences, the executive can make effective use of the apology as a tool for facilitating negotiations, resolving conflicts and repairing trust. And misunderstanding over apologies are just one aspect of a broad semantic disconnected between East and West that's too often ignored in the rush to globalisation. Managers would do well to tune in to other cultural nuances that are easily lost in translation.
A. Answer the following questions. 5×1=5
a. How do Americans typically interpret an apology?
✏️ blame is in keeping
b. What is common feature of apologies in East Asian cultures like Japan and China?
✏️ It is unfortunate that this happened
c. How do cultural perspectives in the US and China differ in their approach to apologies?
✏️ US apology serve to establish personal responsibility, while chinese ones focus on the larger consequences of the transgression.
d. Why might American executives misinterpret an apology from a chinese or japanese counterpart?
✏️ semantic disconnect between east and west
e. Do you think Americans should change their perception of apologies in international dealings? Why or Whynot?
✏️ Yes, to do well to tune in to other cultural nuances that are easily lost in translation.
B. Fill in the gaps with appropriate words from the text. 5×1=5
a. In the United States, an apology is typically understood as an admission of __________.
✏️ personal responsibility
b. Japan is described as having more_________ oriented culture compared to the US.
✏️ group
c. Chinese apologies focus on the __________ of the transgression rather than personal blame.
✏️ larger consequences
d. Executives can use a good understanding of cultural differences in apology to resolve conflict, repair trust, facilitate _____________.
✏️ negotiation
e. Since Americans link apologies with admitting fault, they might avoid apologizing to prevent being seen as _______________.
✏️ blame
3. Read the following product guide and do the activities that follow.
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